一 | SACRAMENTO, Calif. -- California Gov. Gavin Newsom will try to reinforce his state's role as a global leader on climate change as he begins a weeklong visit to China on Monday, a trip that presents both political risk and opportunity for crucial international collaboration. Newsom’s tour begins with a discussion in Hong Kong before he continues on to Beijing, Shanghai and the provinces of Guangdong and Jiangsu. He'll visit the first Chinese city to deploy an all-electric bus fleet, tour an offshore wind facility and see a wetlands preserve. He’ll sign agreements with leaders of Chinese provinces to set mutual commitments on a host of climate goals. California has already signed dozens of such agreements with subnational governments. Newsom’s agenda also includes conversations on “strengthening cultural ties and combating xenophobia,” and he will visit a school with his wife, Jennifer Siebel Newsom. His trip to China follows a brief visit to Israel. Governors of California, which has an economy larger than most countries, have a long history of climate collaboration with China. Democrat Jerry Brown and Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger also traveled there to swap knowledge on reducing air pollution and emissions, and since leaving office, Brown has launched the California-China Climate Institute at the University of California, Berkeley.However, Newsom's trip comes at a very different political moment, with rising tensions between the United States and China over trade, human rights, the future of Taiwan and international conflicts. It follows a recent visit to Beijing by a congressional delegation led by U.S. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, who sought a sharper condemnation of Hamas by the Chinese government. Climate remains one area where collaboration is seen as both possible and necessary. Both countries appear to have fully re-engaged in the run-up to the next U.N. climate change conference, which opens Nov. 30 in Dubai.China suspended climate and other talks with the U.S. in August 2022 to show its anger over a visit by then-U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan. Chinese President Xi Jinping agreed to resume climate talks three months later at a meeting with President Joe Biden in Indonesia.John Kerry, the U.S. climate envoy, held in-person meetings in Beijing in July, and he and Chinese counterpart Xie Zhenhua have held regular video calls since then, Xie told a forum in Beijing last month.David Victor, a professor and co-director of the Deep Decarbonization Initiative at the University of California, San Diego, said state-level dialogue is an important avenue for progress given the complicated politics of the U.S.-China relationship. Animosity between the two countries has led to less travel and fewer joint research projects.“The states really are where anything substantive is going to happen,” Victor said, while at the national level, “there’s no political constituency for opening the door and having a deeper relationship.”The Newsom administration has been in close contact with the White House and Kerry ahead of the governor’s trip, said Lauren Sanchez, the governor's senior climate adviser. The White House did not comment on Newsom’s trip.Brown, the former governor, said political tensions don’t change the fact that greenhouse gases are still being emitted at an alarming rate.“Cooperation is the absolute requirement. And at this time, I would say California has been pushing the federal government in the direction of more dialogue with China,” Brown said. “It has a very important long-term effect.”California has passed some of the world’s most aggressive vehicle emissions rules, and Newsom has moved to ban the sale of most new gas-powered cars in the state by 2035. The state has a mandate to be carbon neutral by 2045, meaning it will remove as much carbon from the atmosphere as it emits. California is already dealing with drought and wildfires made worse by climate change. Still, the state is responsible for less than 1% of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions, meaning its efforts can go only so far without global partnerships, Sanchez said. In 2020, China was responsible for more than 30% of global carbon dioxide emissions, compared with the U.S. at 13.5%. “It’s going to be very difficult to tackle the climate crisis just here in California,” Sanchez said. “Climate change is a global issue, it requires global partnerships.”California has shared its expertise on air pollution regulations, carbon pricing programs and conservation, Sanchez said. China, meanwhile, is now more advanced at electrifying the transportation fleet and deploying offshore wind — it has more gigawatts of offshore wind power than the rest of the world combined, Sanchez said. The Biden administration recently held an auction for five offshore wind lease areas along the U.S. West Coast. Newsom's second term ends in January 2026, and he cannot seek re-election. He has repeatedly denied an interest in running for president, but he has sought to boost his national profile by campaigning for Democrats in Republican-led states and even agreeing to debate GOP presidential hopeful and Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis in late November. The international trip stands to bolster Newsom's political and policy credentials beyond his state. However, opponents will likely be on the lookout for any signs of coziness between him and China's communist government that could be used against him in the future. California Republicans said Newsom shouldn’t be visiting China at a time of tensions over international conflicts and the suppression of free speech. Instead he should focus on problems at home like poverty and crime, Republican state Assembly Leader James Gallagher said in a statement. “Newsom shouldn’t be playing make-believe diplomat while ignoring the challenges facing our state,” he said. But climate experts said California has a significant role to play in advancing global climate policy. “It’s a major clean energy leader. It’s one of the leading economies in the world. It has a huge amount of technical expertise,” said Nathaniel Keohane, president of the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. “There’s a natural role for California and the California governor.”___Megerian reported from Washington. Associated Press journalist Ken Moritsugu in Beijing contributed.。 一段时间以来，北京、上海、深圳等地积极采取举措，因地制宜，推动人工智能产业发展。数据显示，2025年我国人工智能相关产业规模超过万亿元，2026年预计增速超30%，在生产、服务、民生和政务四大领域已初步形成商业化规模化应用体系。 在生产领域，人工智能加速驱动制造业全链条智能化变革。
二 | 例如，今年7月份举办的2026世界人工智能大会展示了具身智能机器人在汽车线束工厂环形流水线的应用，多台机器人组成作业集群，连续完成取线、布线、插接等柔性装配工序。 在服务领域，人工智能推动服务从精准化向自主性跃升。
三 | 比如，蚂蚁集团推出的灵波机器人智慧药房与外卖平台打通链接，根据用户订单进行自主规划和分工，将决策转化为不同机器人可以执行的动作，识别药品及其位置，理解货架、人员和设备的空间关系，连续完成接单、取货和交付。 在民生领域，人工智能构建起智能化、网联化的服务体系。例如，上海市的机场已落地智能配餐系统应用，智能机器人组成日均可生产1万份标准餐食的生产线。 在政务领域，人工智能推动治理逻辑从“管理本位”向“服务本位”转变。比如，深圳市教育局建设教师职称智能评审助手，以智能化手段辅助人才评价；深圳市人力资源和社会保障局打造工伤服务与经办智能体，解决工伤业务复杂、周期长、风险高等问题。 不过，一些深层次问题也亟待破解。一是核心技术“卡脖子”问题尚未根本解决，高端芯片、光刻机、先进EDA工具等核心器件仍依赖进口，制约人工智能产业自主可控进程。二是数据壁垒问题依然突出，跨行业、跨场景、跨部门数据流通不畅，影响人工智能产业应用效能。
四 | 三是人才结构性短缺，高端人工智能人才，特别是既懂人工智能技术创新又懂产业创新的复合型人才缺口较大。四是机制创新滞后于技术发展，数据治理、算法监管、伦理规范等制度框架尚未完善，影响“人工智能+”健康有序发展。
五 | 全面实施“人工智能+”行动，还应从技术突破、场景融合、人才培养和制度创新4个方面系统发力，构建多层次、可落地的实施框架，抢占人工智能产业应用制高点。 强化技术突破，筑牢自主可控的智能技术基座。聚焦基础理论、关键技术与开源生态三大方向，依托国家实验室与顶尖高校推进非对称创新，重点突破前沿领域科技创新。针对“卡脖子”环节，持续发挥新型举国体制的集中攻关优势。
六 | 推动场景融合，打造梯度扩散的智能应用范式。扩大生产场景、工作场景、生活场景供给，优先聚焦具身智能、智慧康养、自动驾驶等领域的标杆场景打造。推动政府部门与国企央企率先发布需求清单，引导社会力量参与场景建设；建立数据流通体系，破解数据孤岛问题，降低中小企业应用门槛。 创新人才培养，构建人才资源赋能产业发展格局。企业和高校持续优化建立人才共育机制，依托校企合作，设置校企联合培养课程，培育企业实习实践基地，建设产学研用协同的人才池，将技术创新和产业创新深度融合，形成新型“技术—产业—人才”正向循环。 深化制度创新，构建适应智能时代的治理框架。加快人工智能领域立法，明确技术研发、数据治理、安全保障的权责边界。
七 | 设立产业发展机构支持关键技术攻关与示范应用，构建分级分类的标准化体系；推动治理模式发展，建立算法备案与评估制度，加强技术伦理审查。（王 凯）。
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