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Toddler 'formulas' are unnecessary and lack nutritional benefits of milk, pediatrician group warns_我的网站

A |     Beverages marketed as toddler "formula" are unnecessary and some have questionable marketing practices, according to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.In recent years, the popularity of these formulas — referred to as Older Infant and Young Child Formulas (OIYCFs) — has risen significantly, according to research published in the journal Public Health Nutrition. The study found sales went up by 158% between 2006 and 2015. However, experts say there are several concerns surrounding their usage."Many parents mistakenly believe that OIYCFs offer something more, something unique that cow milk together with a varied diet with fortified foods can't provide," Dr. George Fuchs, professor of pediatrics and epidemiology at the University of Kentucky and lead author on the new AAP report, told ABC News. "This misconception can be largely attributed to the advertising and branding of these products."The AAP recommends babies drink infant formula or breastmilk until they are 12 months old and then transition to cow's milk in addition to solid foods, which are typically introduced at about 6 months.Toddler "formula" is sometimes marketed as a "transitional" or "weaning" formula for infants who are 0 -12 months old, according to the new report. But unlike infant formula, which must meet certain FDA guidelines for nutritional content, there are no standard nutritional requirements for toddler "formula," the report says."Toddler formula is unnecessary for the vast majority of toddlers and its nutritional value is inferior to that of whole cow's milk, especially when accounting for the additional sugar content of toddler formula," Dr. Keyana Washington, a pediatrician with Gwinnett Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine in Georgia, who was not involved with the report, told ABC News.There are misconceptions about the drinks, according to Dr. Nagela Sainté-Thomas, a pediatric emergency medicine specialist from El Paso, Texas."One reason for their popularity is parents and caregivers believe these drinks provide nutrients similar to solid foods and if they have significant challenges integrating solids into their toddler's diet, they can easily utilize this 'nutritional' substitution," Sainté-Thomas, who was not involved in the AAP report, told ABC News.In 1986, The World Health Assembly had already identified special formulas for older infants as unnecessary. Many global health organizations -- including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF, in addition to WHO -- emphasize that a combination of breast milk, whole cow's milk, water, and appropriate solid foods is nutritionally sufficient for most toddlers.Toddler "formulas" are not necessarily dangerous or bad for children, the AAP said in its report. They can be part of a balanced diet for babies 12 months and older, but are not better than cow's milk, the report said.But some companies making OIYCFs imply that their products add an important part of a toddler diet, even though that's not the case, according to the new AAP report.OIYCFs often appear very similar to infant formulas, according to the AAP report, which may cause confusion among parents and caregivers. Some companies use similar names, colors, designs, and even slogans for their OIYCFs and infant formulas, the report found.The pediatricians ABC News spoke with say parents and caregivers should make sure toddlers have a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, dairy, water, and either breast milk, infant formula, or whole cow's milk.Parents and caregivers should talk to their pediatricians about the role OIYCFs might play in their child's diet."The decision to deviate from the recommendation to give whole cow's milk starting at age 12 months is one that parents should make in consultation with their pediatrician," Washington said.Daniel A. Carnegie, MD, MPH, MBA is a preventive medicine resident at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.。    爱德华兹，又摊上麻烦了。         来自体育八卦媒体TMZ的最新报道，加州法院作出判决，森林狼球星爱德华兹被判每月需向其前任Alexandria Descroches支付1.4万美元的子女抚养费，这笔钱将用于照顾一个他声称自己从未见过的孩子。

B |          除了子女抚养费外，法官还要求爱德华兹投保一份保额约260万美元的人寿保险（每年需支付2000到4000美元），并指定Descroches为第一受益人，同时，爱德华兹还需要支付女方总计超过2.1万美元的律师费。         值得一提的是，这并非爱德华兹唯一一起陷入抚养费纠纷的案件。         从2023年到2024年，仅仅一年时间，爱德华兹就迎来了四个孩子，而且这四个孩子还是四个不同的妈，其中三个与爱德华兹打了抚养费官司。         他的第一个小孩名叫Amir（儿子），出生于2023年，母亲是网红Descroches，值得一提的是，此前在法庭上，爱德华兹宣誓后承认从未见过儿子Amir，且不寻求任何探视权或者亲子时间。

C |          第二个小孩名叫Aris（女儿），出生于2023年9月，母亲是网红Daja。         在Aris出生之后，爱德华兹主动提起诉讼，要求法院确认亲子关系、争取共同法律和实际监护权，并确定抚养费，他表示自己可能不是孩子生父。         经过检测，爱德华兹就是生父，孩子的母亲Daja反对爱德华兹的共同监护权请求，只愿给予合理探视权，并要求法院判决抚养费。双方最终通过私下法律程序敲定达成了保密抚养与监护协议，具体抚养费金额未对外公开（估计不会少）。         第三个小孩名为Aislynn（女儿），出生于2024年3月，母亲是爱德华兹的正牌女友Shannon Jackson，两人共同抚养至今。         第四个小孩名为Aubri（女儿），出生于2024年10月，母亲是网红Ayesha Howard，与前两个小孩一样，爱德华兹也不愿意承认且从未见过Aubri。

D |          与第一起纠纷不同的是，这次的裁决是在佐治亚州，最终佐治亚州法官做出了对爱德华兹有利的判决，每月只需要支付3222美元的抚养费（难怪当时东契奇的未婚妻要在加州打官司）。

E |          看到现在的爱德华兹，很难不想到曾经一位拥有众多私生子的球星——德怀特霍华德。

F |          霍华德的生涯走遍了美国，他也处处留情，至少有5个女人为霍华德生下私生子（3个儿子2个女儿），其中2个住在佛罗里达（东海岸），2个住在洛杉矶（西海岸），还有1个在休斯敦（南部）。         单单是在大儿子Braylon身上，霍华德就支付了265万美元的抚养费（从出生到年满17岁，每月13000美元），直至2015年接受采访的时候，霍华德还透露，他自己每个月要支付超过1.6万抚养费。         回到爱德华兹，显然他不缺钱。         作为2020届的状元秀，爱德华兹拥有历史级别的篮球天赋，顶薪合同与商业价值是其努力的最好证明，下赛季他的年薪是4892万，未来还有希望签下一份总价超过3.5亿的超级顶薪。         然而，他在场外对多名私生子女的抚养纠纷中表现出的冷漠与推诿，与其赛场上的拼搏精神形成刺眼反差，这种行为虽没有触犯法律，但显然不是道德层面所提倡的。

G |          值得一提的是，爱德华兹自己也没有父亲的陪伴，结果成为父亲之后，他连几个小孩的面都不愿意见一次——当私生活的混乱成为常态时，公众形象也会不可避免崩塌，真正的巨星，不仅要能驾驭球场，更应懂得在人生中承担责任才行啊。

H |

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Published on:09:48:33