作者：华马董 来源：原创 发布日期：08-23
A | 
Games Workshop 历来反对 AI，但我最近在听我最喜欢的 战锤40K：战争黎明4 新有声书时，听到朗读员读出了一段关于禁止使用该小说训练 AI 系统的警告，这还是让我感到有些意外。AI 模型在未经许可的情况下利用书籍进行训练已成为科技领域的热门话题。 Beverages marketed as toddler "formula" are unnecessary and some have questionable marketing practices, according to a new report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.In recent years, the popularity of these formulas — referred to as Older Infant and Young Child Formulas (OIYCFs) — has risen significantly, according to research published in the journal Public Health Nutrition. The study found sales went up by 158% between 2006 and 2015. However, experts say there are several concerns surrounding their usage."Many parents mistakenly believe that OIYCFs offer something more, something unique that cow milk together with a varied diet with fortified foods can't provide," Dr. George Fuchs, professor of pediatrics and epidemiology at the University of Kentucky and lead author on the new AAP report, told ABC News. "This misconception can be largely attributed to the advertising and branding of these products."The AAP recommends babies drink infant formula or breastmilk until they are 12 months old and then transition to cow's milk in addition to solid foods, which are typically introduced at about 6 months.Toddler "formula" is sometimes marketed as a "transitional" or "weaning" formula for infants who are 0 -12 months old, according to the new report. But unlike infant formula, which must meet certain FDA guidelines for nutritional content, there are no standard nutritional requirements for toddler "formula," the report says."Toddler formula is unnecessary for the vast majority of toddlers and its nutritional value is inferior to that of whole cow's milk, especially when accounting for the additional sugar content of toddler formula," Dr. Keyana Washington, a pediatrician with Gwinnett Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine in Georgia, who was not involved with the report, told ABC News.There are misconceptions about the drinks, according to Dr. Nagela Sainté-Thomas, a pediatric emergency medicine specialist from El Paso, Texas."One reason for their popularity is parents and caregivers believe these drinks provide nutrients similar to solid foods and if they have significant challenges integrating solids into their toddler's diet, they can easily utilize this 'nutritional' substitution," Sainté-Thomas, who was not involved in the AAP report, told ABC News.In 1986, The World Health Assembly had already identified special formulas for older infants as unnecessary. Many global health organizations -- including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and UNICEF, in addition to WHO -- emphasize that a combination of breast milk, whole cow's milk, water, and appropriate solid foods is nutritionally sufficient for most toddlers.Toddler "formulas" are not necessarily dangerous or bad for children, the AAP said in its report. They can be part of a balanced diet for babies 12 months and older, but are not better than cow's milk, the report said.But some companies making OIYCFs imply that their products add an important part of a toddler diet, even though that's not the case, according to the new AAP report.OIYCFs often appear very similar to infant formulas, according to the AAP report, which may cause confusion among parents and caregivers. Some companies use similar names, colors, designs, and even slogans for their OIYCFs and infant formulas, the report found.The pediatricians ABC News spoke with say parents and caregivers should make sure toddlers have a varied diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, dairy, water, and either breast milk, infant formula, or whole cow's milk.Parents and caregivers should talk to their pediatricians about the role OIYCFs might play in their child's diet."The decision to deviate from the recommendation to give whole cow's milk starting at age 12 months is one that parents should make in consultation with their pediatrician," Washington said.Daniel A. Carnegie, MD, MPH, MBA is a preventive medicine resident at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a member of the ABC News Medical Unit.。上周，404 Media 的一份报告称，亚马逊正在购买“大量书籍，对其进行扫描以获取 AI 训练数据，并在过程中将其销毁”。
B | 去年夏天，有消息称 Anthropic 销毁了数百万本实体书来训练其 Claude AI 模型。这项名为“巴拿马计划”（Project Panama）的秘密行动是在一群作家对 Anthropic 提起的诉讼中被揭露的。尽管法院的裁决在“合理使用”方面很大程度上偏向 AI 公司，但 Anthropic 最终还是同意支付 15 亿美元达成和解。去年 10 月，联邦法院在包括《权力的游戏凛冬将至》作者乔治·R·R·马丁在内的多位作家提起的诉讼中，提出了针对 ChatGPT 所有者 OpenAI 的两项侵权理论。
C | 目前尚未做出最终摘要判决。Games Workshop 的网站上随处可见 AI 警告。作为 Games Workshop 图书业务的官方平台，“黑图书馆”（Black Library）网站上写着：“明确禁止利用本网站内容训练生成式人工智能（AI）技术。
D | ”在 Games Workshop 网站的法律条款部分，也有详细的 AI 警告。但在 Robert Rath 出色的太空死灵小说《邪恶与扭曲》（The Wicked and The Warped）的有声书结尾，我惊讶地听到朗读员 Richard Reed 亲自读出了一段清晰的 AI 警告：“本录音版权归 Games Workshop 2026 所有。保留所有权利。不得以任何方式用于文本和数据挖掘活动，或开发及训练人工智能模型或系统。
E | ”这是我第一次听到“黑图书馆”的朗读员亲口读出 AI 警告（我不确定这是否是首例，但今年 5 月发行的 Dan Abnett 的有声书《巢都》（Hive）结尾并没有读出此类警告）。这与 Games Workshop 迄今为止在 AI 问题上的表态是一致的。今年 1 月，Games Workshop 禁止在其内容制作和设计过程中使用 AI，并坚持表示其高级管理层目前对这项技术都不感兴趣。随后在 7 月，Games Workshop 再次重申了其反 AI 立场，并透露已对近期一些被怀疑是 AI 生成的营销失误展开调查，以确保员工遵守内部规则。Games Workshop 首席执行官 Kevin Rountree 当时对此表示：“正如我们在 2025 年 11 月的半年报中所述，我们在此问题上并未掉以轻心，我们正在密切关注他人的言论和做法。”“我们在 Games Workshop 的产品设计和 IP 创作中均未使用 AI，这将保护我们 IP 的完整性和所有权。今年我们在产品营销中对产品的描述出现了一些人为错误，我们已对此进行了全面调查，以确保没有使用 AI，并且所有员工都遵守了我们的内部政策。
F | ”问题在于，Games Workshop 真的能采取什么措施来阻止 AI 公司利用其书籍训练模型吗？科技界在掠夺内容时辩称这是“合理使用”，不仅针对书籍，还针对几乎所有的创意产出。
G | 到目前为止，尽管有备受瞩目的诉讼和调查报告，这种做法似乎依然行得通。因此，要真正考验 Games Workshop 的决心，它可能必须亲自对 AI 公司提起诉讼，或者至少在认为其内容被用于训练模型时，以法律行动威胁对方。有证据表明 AI 模型确实在利用 战锤40K：战争黎明4 书籍进行训练。2025 年 3 月，《大西洋月刊》的一项调查发现，Meta 据称盗版了数百万本书籍来训练其 AI。“黑图书馆”的作者们随后惊恐地发现，他们的小说出现在了 LibGen 中，这是 Meta 用来训练 AI 的盗版图书数据库。快速搜索显示，Robert Rath 的几乎所有 战锤40K：战争黎明4 小说都在其中。与此同时，AI 生成的虚假 战锤40K：战争黎明4 书籍已成为一个严重问题，在各大零售商平台上都能看到带有明显 AI 生成封面和 AI 生成内容的未经授权的 战锤40K：战争黎明4 书籍。Games Workshop 老板 Kevin Rountree 最近承认，无论我们是否喜欢，第三方软件中都会自动包含 AI 功能，这使得 Games Workshop 很难明确表示在其自身的 战锤40K：战争黎明4 工作室之外完全没有使用 AI。Rountree 补充道，这“是我们可能不得不接受并加以监控的事情”。他继续说道：“我们很自豪能够通过聘用优秀的员工（其中许多人本身就是爱好者）并与现实世界中的其他爱好者共同庆祝，来提供持续的丰厚回报。我们的业务表现依然建立在员工发展和辛勤工作之上，极少有浪费。
H | ”图片来源：Games Workshop。
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